Convert MCP schemas to strict where possible (#414)

## Summary:
Towards #404. I made this configurable because it's not clear this is
always a good thing to do. I also made it default to False because I'm
not sure if this could cause errors.

If it works out well, we can switch the default in the future as a small
breaking changes

## Test Plan:
Unit tests

src/agents/agent.py

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ from collections.abc import Awaitable
 from dataclasses import dataclass, field
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Callable, Generic, Literal, cast
 
-from typing_extensions import TypeAlias, TypedDict
+from typing_extensions import NotRequired, TypeAlias, TypedDict
 
 from .guardrail import InputGuardrail, OutputGuardrail
 from .handoffs import Handoff
@@ -53,6 +53,15 @@ class StopAtTools(TypedDict):
     """A list of tool names, any of which will stop the agent from running further."""
 
 
+class MCPConfig(TypedDict):
+    """Configuration for MCP servers."""
+
+    convert_schemas_to_strict: NotRequired[bool]
+    """If True, we will attempt to convert the MCP schemas to strict-mode schemas. This is a
+    best-effort conversion, so some schemas may not be convertible. Defaults to False.
+    """
+
+
 @dataclass
 class Agent(Generic[TContext]):
     """An agent is an AI model configured with instructions, tools, guardrails, handoffs and more.
@@ -119,6 +128,9 @@ class Agent(Generic[TContext]):
     longer needed.
     """
 
+    mcp_config: MCPConfig = field(default_factory=lambda: MCPConfig())
+    """Configuration for MCP servers."""
+
     input_guardrails: list[InputGuardrail[TContext]] = field(default_factory=list)
     """A list of checks that run in parallel to the agent's execution, before generating a
     response. Runs only if the agent is the first agent in the chain.
@@ -224,7 +236,8 @@ class Agent(Generic[TContext]):
 
     async def get_mcp_tools(self) -> list[Tool]:
         """Fetches the available tools from the MCP servers."""
-        return await MCPUtil.get_all_function_tools(self.mcp_servers)
+        convert_schemas_to_strict = self.mcp_config.get("convert_schemas_to_strict", False)
+        return await MCPUtil.get_all_function_tools(self.mcp_servers, convert_schemas_to_strict)
 
     async def get_all_tools(self) -> list[Tool]:
         """All agent tools, including MCP tools and function tools."""

src/agents/mcp/util.py

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@ import functools
 import json
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any
 
+from agents.strict_schema import ensure_strict_json_schema
+
 from .. import _debug
 from ..exceptions import AgentsException, ModelBehaviorError, UserError
 from ..logger import logger
@@ -19,12 +21,14 @@ class MCPUtil:
     """Set of utilities for interop between MCP and Agents SDK tools."""
 
     @classmethod
-    async def get_all_function_tools(cls, servers: list["MCPServer"]) -> list[Tool]:
+    async def get_all_function_tools(
+        cls, servers: list["MCPServer"], convert_schemas_to_strict: bool
+    ) -> list[Tool]:
         """Get all function tools from a list of MCP servers."""
         tools = []
         tool_names: set[str] = set()
         for server in servers:
-            server_tools = await cls.get_function_tools(server)
+            server_tools = await cls.get_function_tools(server, convert_schemas_to_strict)
             server_tool_names = {tool.name for tool in server_tools}
             if len(server_tool_names & tool_names) > 0:
                 raise UserError(
@@ -37,25 +41,37 @@ class MCPUtil:
         return tools
 
     @classmethod
-    async def get_function_tools(cls, server: "MCPServer") -> list[Tool]:
+    async def get_function_tools(
+        cls, server: "MCPServer", convert_schemas_to_strict: bool
+    ) -> list[Tool]:
         """Get all function tools from a single MCP server."""
 
         with mcp_tools_span(server=server.name) as span:
             tools = await server.list_tools()
             span.span_data.result = [tool.name for tool in tools]
 
-        return [cls.to_function_tool(tool, server) for tool in tools]
+        return [cls.to_function_tool(tool, server, convert_schemas_to_strict) for tool in tools]
 
     @classmethod
-    def to_function_tool(cls, tool: "MCPTool", server: "MCPServer") -> FunctionTool:
+    def to_function_tool(
+        cls, tool: "MCPTool", server: "MCPServer", convert_schemas_to_strict: bool
+    ) -> FunctionTool:
         """Convert an MCP tool to an Agents SDK function tool."""
         invoke_func = functools.partial(cls.invoke_mcp_tool, server, tool)
+        schema, is_strict = tool.inputSchema, False
+        if convert_schemas_to_strict:
+            try:
+                schema = ensure_strict_json_schema(schema)
+                is_strict = True
+            except Exception as e:
+                logger.info(f"Error converting MCP schema to strict mode: {e}")
+
         return FunctionTool(
             name=tool.name,
             description=tool.description or "",
-            params_json_schema=tool.inputSchema,
+            params_json_schema=schema,
             on_invoke_tool=invoke_func,
-            strict_json_schema=False,
+            strict_json_schema=is_strict,
         )
 
     @classmethod

tests/mcp/test_mcp_util.py

@@ -2,10 +2,11 @@ import logging
 from typing import Any
 
 import pytest
+from inline_snapshot import snapshot
 from mcp.types import Tool as MCPTool
-from pydantic import BaseModel
+from pydantic import BaseModel, TypeAdapter
 
-from agents import FunctionTool, RunContextWrapper
+from agents import Agent, FunctionTool, RunContextWrapper
 from agents.exceptions import AgentsException, ModelBehaviorError
 from agents.mcp import MCPServer, MCPUtil
 
@@ -18,7 +19,16 @@ class Foo(BaseModel):
 
 
 class Bar(BaseModel):
-    qux: str
+    qux: dict[str, str]
+
+
+Baz = TypeAdapter(dict[str, str])
+
+
+def _convertible_schema() -> dict[str, Any]:
+    schema = Foo.model_json_schema()
+    schema["additionalProperties"] = False
+    return schema
 
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
@@ -47,7 +57,7 @@ async def test_get_all_function_tools():
     server3.add_tool(names[4], schemas[4])
 
     servers: list[MCPServer] = [server1, server2, server3]
-    tools = await MCPUtil.get_all_function_tools(servers)
+    tools = await MCPUtil.get_all_function_tools(servers, convert_schemas_to_strict=False)
     assert len(tools) == 5
     assert all(tool.name in names for tool in tools)
 
@@ -56,6 +66,11 @@ async def test_get_all_function_tools():
         assert tool.params_json_schema == schemas[idx]
         assert tool.name == names[idx]
 
+    # Also make sure it works with strict schemas
+    tools = await MCPUtil.get_all_function_tools(servers, convert_schemas_to_strict=True)
+    assert len(tools) == 5
+    assert all(tool.name in names for tool in tools)
+
 
 @pytest.mark.asyncio
 async def test_invoke_mcp_tool():
@@ -107,3 +122,141 @@ async def test_mcp_invocation_crash_causes_error(caplog: pytest.LogCaptureFixtur
         await MCPUtil.invoke_mcp_tool(server, tool, ctx, "")
 
     assert "Error invoking MCP tool test_tool_1" in caplog.text
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_agent_convert_schemas_true():
+    """Test that setting convert_schemas_to_strict to True converts non-strict schemas to strict.
+    - 'foo' tool is already strict and remains strict.
+    - 'bar' tool is non-strict and becomes strict (additionalProperties set to False, etc).
+    """
+    strict_schema = Foo.model_json_schema()
+    non_strict_schema = Baz.json_schema()
+    possible_to_convert_schema = _convertible_schema()
+
+    server = FakeMCPServer()
+    server.add_tool("foo", strict_schema)
+    server.add_tool("bar", non_strict_schema)
+    server.add_tool("baz", possible_to_convert_schema)
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="test_agent", mcp_servers=[server], mcp_config={"convert_schemas_to_strict": True}
+    )
+    tools = await agent.get_mcp_tools()
+
+    foo_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "foo")
+    assert isinstance(foo_tool, FunctionTool)
+    bar_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "bar")
+    assert isinstance(bar_tool, FunctionTool)
+    baz_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "baz")
+    assert isinstance(baz_tool, FunctionTool)
+
+    # Checks that additionalProperties is set to False
+    assert foo_tool.params_json_schema == snapshot(
+        {
+            "properties": {
+                "bar": {"title": "Bar", "type": "string"},
+                "baz": {"title": "Baz", "type": "integer"},
+            },
+            "required": ["bar", "baz"],
+            "title": "Foo",
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": False,
+        }
+    )
+    assert foo_tool.strict_json_schema is True, "foo_tool should be strict"
+
+    # Checks that additionalProperties is set to False
+    assert bar_tool.params_json_schema == snapshot(
+        {
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": {"type": "string"},
+        }
+    )
+    assert bar_tool.strict_json_schema is False, "bar_tool should not be strict"
+
+    # Checks that additionalProperties is set to False
+    assert baz_tool.params_json_schema == snapshot(
+        {
+            "properties": {
+                "bar": {"title": "Bar", "type": "string"},
+                "baz": {"title": "Baz", "type": "integer"},
+            },
+            "required": ["bar", "baz"],
+            "title": "Foo",
+            "type": "object",
+            "additionalProperties": False,
+        }
+    )
+    assert baz_tool.strict_json_schema is True, "baz_tool should be strict"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_agent_convert_schemas_false():
+    """Test that setting convert_schemas_to_strict to False leaves tool schemas as non-strict.
+    - 'foo' tool remains strict.
+    - 'bar' tool remains non-strict (additionalProperties remains True).
+    """
+    strict_schema = Foo.model_json_schema()
+    non_strict_schema = Baz.json_schema()
+    possible_to_convert_schema = _convertible_schema()
+
+    server = FakeMCPServer()
+    server.add_tool("foo", strict_schema)
+    server.add_tool("bar", non_strict_schema)
+    server.add_tool("baz", possible_to_convert_schema)
+
+    agent = Agent(
+        name="test_agent", mcp_servers=[server], mcp_config={"convert_schemas_to_strict": False}
+    )
+    tools = await agent.get_mcp_tools()
+
+    foo_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "foo")
+    assert isinstance(foo_tool, FunctionTool)
+    bar_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "bar")
+    assert isinstance(bar_tool, FunctionTool)
+    baz_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "baz")
+    assert isinstance(baz_tool, FunctionTool)
+
+    assert foo_tool.params_json_schema == strict_schema
+    assert foo_tool.strict_json_schema is False, "Shouldn't be converted unless specified"
+
+    assert bar_tool.params_json_schema == non_strict_schema
+    assert bar_tool.strict_json_schema is False
+
+    assert baz_tool.params_json_schema == possible_to_convert_schema
+    assert baz_tool.strict_json_schema is False, "Shouldn't be converted unless specified"
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_agent_convert_schemas_unset():
+    """Test that leaving convert_schemas_to_strict unset (defaulting to False) leaves tool schemas
+    as non-strict.
+    - 'foo' tool remains strict.
+    - 'bar' tool remains non-strict.
+    """
+    strict_schema = Foo.model_json_schema()
+    non_strict_schema = Baz.json_schema()
+    possible_to_convert_schema = _convertible_schema()
+
+    server = FakeMCPServer()
+    server.add_tool("foo", strict_schema)
+    server.add_tool("bar", non_strict_schema)
+    server.add_tool("baz", possible_to_convert_schema)
+    agent = Agent(name="test_agent", mcp_servers=[server])
+    tools = await agent.get_mcp_tools()
+
+    foo_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "foo")
+    assert isinstance(foo_tool, FunctionTool)
+    bar_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "bar")
+    assert isinstance(bar_tool, FunctionTool)
+    baz_tool = next(tool for tool in tools if tool.name == "baz")
+    assert isinstance(baz_tool, FunctionTool)
+
+    assert foo_tool.params_json_schema == strict_schema
+    assert foo_tool.strict_json_schema is False, "Shouldn't be converted unless specified"
+
+    assert bar_tool.params_json_schema == non_strict_schema
+    assert bar_tool.strict_json_schema is False
+
+    assert baz_tool.params_json_schema == possible_to_convert_schema
+    assert baz_tool.strict_json_schema is False, "Shouldn't be converted unless specified"

tests/test_agent_runner.py

@@ -642,9 +642,7 @@ async def test_tool_use_behavior_custom_function():
 async def test_model_settings_override():
     model = FakeModel()
     agent = Agent(
-        name="test",
+        name="test", model=model, model_settings=ModelSettings(temperature=1.0, max_tokens=1000)
-        model=model,
-        model_settings=ModelSettings(temperature=1.0, max_tokens=1000)
     )
 
     model.add_multiple_turn_outputs(

tests/test_tracing_errors.py

@@ -244,9 +244,10 @@ async def test_multiple_handoff_doesnt_error():
                                 },
                             },
                             {"type": "generation"},
-                            {"type": "handoff",
+                            {
-                             "data": {"from_agent": "test", "to_agent": "test"},
+                                "type": "handoff",
-                             "error": {
+                                "data": {"from_agent": "test", "to_agent": "test"},
+                                "error": {
                                     "data": {
                                         "requested_agents": [
                                             "test",
@@ -255,7 +256,7 @@ async def test_multiple_handoff_doesnt_error():
                                     },
                                     "message": "Multiple handoffs requested",
                                 },
-                             },
+                            },
                         ],
                     },
                     {
@@ -383,10 +384,7 @@ async def test_handoffs_lead_to_correct_agent_spans():
                             {"type": "generation"},
                             {
                                 "type": "handoff",
-                                "data": {
+                                "data": {"from_agent": "test_agent_3", "to_agent": "test_agent_1"},
-                                    "from_agent": "test_agent_3",
-                                    "to_agent": "test_agent_1"
-                                },
                                 "error": {
                                     "data": {
                                         "requested_agents": [