claim: 0-dimensional biomaterials show inductive properties.


claim: 1,000 genomes project enables mapping of genetic sequence variation consisting of rare variants with larger penetrance effects than common variants.

label: SUPPORT


claim: 1/2000 in UK have abnormal PrP positivity.


claim: 5% of perinatal mortality is due to low birth weight.


claim: A deficiency of vitamin B12 increases blood levels of homocysteine.


claim: A high microerythrocyte count raises vulnerability to severe anemia in homozygous alpha (+)- thalassemia trait subjects.

label: CONTRADICT


claim: A total of 1,000 people in the UK are asymptomatic carriers of vCJD infection.


claim: ADAR1 binds to Dicer to cleave pre-miRNA.


claim: AIRE is expressed in some skin tumors.


claim: ALDH1 expression is associated with better breast cancer outcomes.


claim: ALDH1 expression is associated with poorer prognosis in breast cancer.


claim: AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation increases inflammation-related fibrosis in the lungs.


claim: APOE4 expression in iPSC-derived neurons increases AlphaBeta production and tau phosphorylation causing GABA neuron degeneration.


claim: APOE4 expression in iPSC-derived neurons increases AlphaBeta production and tau phosphorylation, delaying GABA neuron degeneration.


claim: Activation of PPM1D suppresses p53 function.


claim: Activator-inhibitor pairs are provided dorsally by Admpchordin.


claim: Active H. pylori urease has a polymeric structure that compromises two subunits, UreA and UreB.


claim: Albendazole is used to treat lymphatic filariasis.


claim: Alizarin forms hydrogen bonds with residues involved in PGAM1 substrate binding.


claim: All hematopoietic stem cells segregate their chromosomes randomly.


claim: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are associated with increased risk for functional renal insufficiency.


claim: Anthrax spores can be disposed of easily after they are dispersed.


claim: Antibiotic induced alterations in the gut microbiome reduce resistance against Clostridium difficile


claim: Antiretroviral therapy reduces rates of tuberculosis across a broad range of CD4 strata.


claim: Arginine 90 in p150n is important for interaction with EB1.


claim: Arterioles have a larger lumen diameter than venules.


claim: Articles published in open access format are less likely to be cited than traditional journals.


claim: Articles published in open access format are more likely to be cited than traditional journals.


claim: Aspirin inhibits the production of PGE2.


claim: Assembly of invadopodia is triggered by focal generation of phosphatidylinositol-3,4-biphosphate and the activation of the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src.


claim: Asymptomatic visual impairment screening in elderly populations does not lead to improved vision.


claim: Auditory entrainment is strengthened when people see congruent visual and auditory information.


claim: Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells causes a higher rate of opportunistic infections than induction therapy with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies.


claim: Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells causes fewer opportunistic infections than induction therapy with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies.


claim: Autologous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells has lower rates of rejection than induction therapy with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibodies.


claim: Autophagy declines in aged organisms.


claim: Bariatric surgery has a positive impact on mental health.


claim: Basophils counteract disease development in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).


claim: Birth-weight is positively associated with breast cancer.


claim: Blocking the interaction between TDP-43 and respiratory complex I proteins ND3 and ND6 leads to increased TDP-43-induced neuronal loss.


claim: Bone marrow cells contribute to adult macrophage compartments.


claim: Breast cancer development is determined exclusively by genetic factors.


claim: CHEK2 is not associated with breast cancer.


claim: CR is associated with higher methylation age.


claim: CRP is not predictive of postoperative mortality following Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) surgery.


claim: CX3CR1 on the Th2 cells impairs T cell survival


claim: CX3CR1 on the Th2 cells promotes T cell survival


claim: CX3CR1 on the Th2 cells promotes airway inflammation.


claim: CX3CR1 on the Th2 cells suppresses airway inflammation.


claim: Carriers of the alcohol aldehyde dehydrogenase deficiency mutation drink less that non-carries.


claim: Cataract and trachoma are the primary cause of blindness in Southern Sudan.


claim: Cell autonomous sex determination in somatic cells does not occur in Galliformes.


claim: Cell autonomous sex determination in somatic cells occurs in Passeriformes.


claim: Cells lacking clpC have a defect in sporulation efficiency in Bacillus subtilis.


claim: Cells undergoing methionine restriction may activate miRNAs.


claim: Cellular aging closely links to an older appearance.


claim: Chenodeosycholic acid treatment increases whole-body energy expenditure.


claim: Chenodeosycholic acid treatment reduces whole-body energy expenditure.


claim: Chronic aerobic exercise alters endothelial function, improving vasodilating mechanisms mediated by NO.


claim: Cold exposure increases BAT recruitment.


claim: Combination nicotine replacement therapies with varenicline or bupropion lead to significantly higher long-term abstinence rates at 52 weeks than varenicline monotherapy.


claim: Combining phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase and MEK 1/2 inhibitors is effective at treating KRAS mutant tumors.


claim: Commelina yellow mottle virus' (ComYMV) genome consists of 7489 baise pairs.


claim: Crossover hot spots are not found within gene promoters in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.


claim: Crosstalk between dendritic cells (DCs) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) is important in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis.


claim: Cytochrome c is released from the mitochondrial intermembrane space to cytosol during apoptosis.


claim: Cytosolic proteins bind to iron-responsive elements on mRNAs coding for DMT1. Cytosolic proteins bind to iron-responsive elements on mRNAs coding for proteins involved in iron uptake.


claim: DMRT1 is a sex-determining gene that is epigenetically regulated by the MHM region.


claim: De novo assembly of sequence data has more specific contigs than unassembled sequence data.


claim: Deamination of cytidine to uridine on the minus strand of viral DNA results in catastrophic G-to-A mutations in the viral genome.


claim: Deletion of αvβ8 does not result in a spontaneous inflammatory phenotype.


claim: Dexamethasone decreases risk of postoperative bleeding.


claim: Diabetic patients with acute coronary syndrome experience increased short-term and long-term risk for bleeding events.


claim: Discrimination between the initiator and elongation tRNAs depends on the translation initiation factor IF3.


claim: Downregulation and mislocalization of Scribble prevents cell transformation and mammary tumorigenesis.


claim: During the primary early antibody response activated B cells migrate toward the inner-and outer paracortical areas where oxysterol accumulation is generated by stromal cells.


claim: Enhanced early production of inflammatory chemokines improves viral control in the lung.


claim: Epidemiological disease burden from noncommunicable diseases is more prevalent in low economic settings.


claim: Epigenetic modulating agents (EMAs) modulate antitumor immune response in a cancer model system.


claim: Errors in peripheral IV drug administration are most common during bolus administration and multiple-step medicine preparations.


claim: Ethanol stress decreases the expression of IBP in bacteria.


claim: Exposure to fine particulate air pollution is relate to anxiety prevalence.


claim: Febrile seizures increase the threshold for development of epilepsy.


claim: Febrile seizures reduce the threshold for development of epilepsy.


claim: Female carriers of the Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4) allele have increased risk for dementia.


claim: Flexible molecules experience greater steric hindrance in the tumor microenviroment than rigid molecules.


claim: FoxO3a activation in neuronal death is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS).


claim: Free histones are degraded by a Rad53-dependent mechanism once DNA has been replicated.


claim: Functional consequences of genomic alterations due to Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) are poorly understood due to the lack of an animal model.


claim: Fz/PCP-dependent Pk localizes to the anterior membrane of neuroectoderm cells during zebrafish neuralation


claim: Fz/PCP-dependent Pk localizes to the anterior membrane of notochord cells during zebrafish neuralation.


claim: GATA-3 is important for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) function.


claim: Gene expression does not vary appreciably across genetically identical cells.


claim: Glycolysis is one of the primary glycometabolic pathways in cells.


claim: Golli-deficient T-cells prefer to differentiate into an anergic phenotype in the adaptive immune response when there are increased levels of Ca2+ in the cytosol.


claim: HNF4A mutations can cause diabetes in mutant carriers by the age of 14 years


claim: Headaches are not correlated with cognitive impairment.


claim: Healthcare delivery efficiency in crowded delivery centers is impaired by improving structural, logistical, and interpersonal elements.


claim: Helminths interfere with immune system control of macrophages activated by IL-4 favor Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication.


claim: Hematopoietic Stem Cell purification reaches purity rate of up to 50%.


claim: High cardiopulmonary fitness causes increased mortality rate.


claim: High dietary calcium intakes are unnecessary for prevention of secondary hyperparathyroidism in subjects with 25(OH)D levels above 75 nmol/liter.


claim: High levels of CRP reduces the risk of exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


claim: High levels of copeptin decrease risk of diabetes.


claim: High-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (HSCT-T) dosage may not be diagnostic if the onset of symptoms occurs less than 3 hours before acute myocardial injury (AMI).


claim: Histone demethylase recruitment and a transient decrease in histone methylation is necessary for ligand-dependent induction of transcription by nuclear receptors.


claim: Homozygous deletion of murine Sbds gene from osterix-expressing mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells (MPCs) prevents oxidative stress.


claim: Human T-lymphotropic virus type-I-associated myelopathy / tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients produce Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies which cross-react with an immunodominant epitope in Tax.


claim: Hyperfibrinogenemia decreases rates of femoropopliteal bypass thrombosis.


claim: Hyperfibrinogenemia increases rates of femoropopliteal bypass thrombosis.


claim: Hypertension is frequently observed in type 1 diabetes patients.


claim: Hypocretin neurones induce panicprone state in rats.


claim: Hypoglycemia increases the risk of dementia.


claim: Hypothalamic glutamate neurotransmission is crucial to energy balance.


claim: IFIT1 restricts viral replication by sequestrating mis-capped viral RNAs.


claim: IRG1 has antiviral effects against neurotropic viruses.


claim: ITAM phosphorylation prevents the transfer of the T cell receptor (TCR) signal from the echo-domain to the cytoplasmic tail of the T cell receptor (TCR).


claim: IgA plasma cells that are specific for transglutaminase 2 accumulate in the duodenal mucosa on commencement of a gluten-free diet.


claim: Immune complex triggered cell death leads to extracellular release of neutrophil protein HMGB1.


claim: Immune responses result in the development of inflammatory Th17 cells and anti-inflammatory iTregs.


claim: In adult tissue, most T cells are memory T cells.


claim: In domesticated populations of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, whole chromosome aneuploidy is very uncommon.


claim: In mice, P. chabaudi parasites are able to proliferate faster early in infection when inoculated at lower numbers than when inoculated at high numbers.


claim: In mouse models, the loss of CSF1R facilitates MOZ-TIF2-induced leuekmogenesis.


claim: In transgenic mice harboring green florescent protein under the control of the Sox2 promoter, less than ten percent of the cells with green florescent colocalize with cell proliferation markers.


claim: In young and middle-aged adults, current or remote uses of ADHD medications do not increase the risk of serious cardiovascular events.


claim: Incidence of heart failure decreased by 10% in women since 1979.


claim: Incidence rates of cervical cancer have decreased.


claim: Incidence rates of cervical cancer have increased due to nationwide screening programs based primarily on cytology to detect uterine cervical cancer.


claim: Increased microtubule acetylation repairs LRRK2 Roc-COR domain mutation induced locomotor deficits.


claim: Increased vessel density along with a reduction in fibrosis decreases the efficacy of chemotherapy treatments.


claim: Individuals with low serum vitamin D concentrations have increased risk of multiple sclerosis.


claim: Infection of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 is most frequent in individuals of African origin.


claim: Inositol lipid 3-phosphatase PTEN converts Ptdlns(3,4)P 2 into phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate.


claim: Input from  mental and physical health care professionals is effective at decreasing homelessness.


claim: Insomnia can be effectively treated with cognitive behavioral therapy.


claim: Insulin increases risk of severe kidney failure.


claim: Integrating classroom-based collaborative learning with Web-based collaborative learning leads to subpar class performance


claim: Ivermectin is used to treat lymphatic filariasis.


claim: Ivermectin is used to treat onchocerciasis.


claim: LDL cholesterol has no involvement in the development of cardiovascular disease.


claim: Lack of clpC does not affect sporulation efficiency in Bacillus subtilis cells.


claim: Less than 10% of the gabonese children with Schimmelpenning-Feuerstein-Mims syndrome (SFM) had a plasma lactate of more than 5mmol/L.


claim: Leukemia associated Rho guanine nucleotide-exchange factor represses RhoA in response to SRC activation.


claim: Leuko-increased blood increases infectious complications in red blood cell transfusion.


claim: Leuko-reduced blood reduces infectious complications in red blood cell transfusion.


claim: Localization of PIN1 in the Arabidopsis embryo does not require VPS9a


claim: Localization of PIN1 in the roots of Arabidopsis does not require VPS9a


claim: Low expression of miR7a does represses target genes and exerts a biological function in ovaries.


claim: Low expression of miR7a exerts a biological function in testis.


claim: Low nucleosome occupancy correlates with low methylation levels across species.


claim: Lupus-prone mice infected with curliproducing bacteria have higher autoantibody titers compared to controls.


claim: Ly49Q directs the organization of neutrophil migration to inflammation sites by regulating membrane raft functions.


claim: Ly6C hi monocytes have a lower inflammatory capacity compared to their Ly6C lo counterparts.


claim: Ly6C hi monocytes have a lower inflammatory capacity than Ly6C lo monocytes.


claim: Lymphadenopathy is observed in knockin mouse lacking the SHP-2 MAPK pathway.


claim: Macrolides have no protective effect against myocardial infarction.


claim: Macrolides protect against myocardial infarction.


claim: Macropinocytosis contributes to a cell's supply of amino acids via the intracellular uptake of protein.


claim: Many proteins in human cells can be post-translationally modified at lysine residues via acetylation.


claim: Mathematical models predict that using Artemisinin-based combination therapy over nongametocytocidal drugs have a dramatic impact in reducing malaria transmission.


claim: Mercaptopurine is anabolized into the inactive methylmercaptopurine by thiopurine methyltrasnferase (TPMT).


claim: Metastatic colorectal cancer treated with a single agent fluoropyrimidines resulted in reduced efficacy and lower quality of life when compared with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in elderly patients.


claim: Mice defective for deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) polymerase I (polI) reveal increased sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR).


claim: Mice that lack Interferon-γ or its receptor exhibit high resistance to experimental autoimmune myocarditis.


claim: Mice without IFN-γ or its receptor are resistant to EAM induced with α-MyHC/CFA.


claim: MicroRNA is involved in the regulation of Neural Stem Cell (NSC) differentiation and proliferation dynamic homeostasis


claim: Microarray results from culture-amplified mixtures of serotypes correlate poorly with microarray results from uncultured mixtures.


claim: Mitochondria are uninvolved in apoptosis.


claim: Modifying the epigenome in the brain affects the normal human aging process by affecting certain genes related to neurogenesis.


claim: Monoclonal antibody targeting of N-cadherin inhibits metastasis.


claim: Most termination events in Okazaki fragments are sequence specific.


claim: Mutant mice lacking SVCT2 have greatly increased ascorbic acid levels in both brain and adrenals.


claim: Mutations in G-Beta protein GNB2 are present in many cancers, resulting in loss of interaction with G-alpha subunits and concomitant activation of AKT pathway.


claim: N-terminal cleavage increases success identifying transcription start sites.


claim: N-terminal cleavage reduces success identifying transcription start sites.


claim: N348I mutations cause resistance to zidovudine (AZT).


claim: NF2 (Merlin) causes phosphorylation and subsequent cytoplasmic sequestration of YAP in Drosophila by activating LATS1/2 kinases.


claim: NF2 (Merlin) prevents phosphorylation and subsequent cytoplasmic sequestration of YAP in Drosophila.


claim: NFAT4 activation requires IP3R-mediated Ca2+ mobilization.


claim: NOX2-independent pathways can generate peroxynitrite by reacting with nitrogen intermediates.


claim: NR5A2 is important in development of endometrial tissues.


claim: Nanoparticles can be targeted against specific cell types by incorporating aptamers into lipid nanoparticles.


claim: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are released by ANCA-stimulated neutrophils.


claim: New drugs for tuberculosis often do not penetrate the necrotic portion of a tuberculosis lesion in high concentrations.


claim: Non-invasive ventilation use should be decreased if there is inadequate response to conventional treatment.


claim: Normal expression of RUNX1 has tumor-promoting effects.


claim: Obesity is determined solely by environmental factors.


claim: Occupancy of ribosomes by IncRNAs do not make functional peptides.


claim: Occupancy of ribosomes by IncRNAs mirror 5 0-UTRs


claim: Omnivores produce less trimethylamine N-oxide from dietary I-carnitine than vegetarians.


claim: Only a minority of cells survive development after differentiation into stress-resistant spores.


claim: PD-1 triggering on monocytes reduces IL-10 production by monocytes.


claim: PDPN promotes efficient motility along stromal surfaces by activating the C-type lectin receptor to rearrange the actin cytoskeleton in dendritic cells.


claim: PGE 2 promotes intestinal tumor growth by altering the expression of tumor suppressing and DNA repair genes.


claim: PKG-la plays an essential role in expression of pain hypersensitivity in PGK-la knockout mice.


claim: PPAR-RXRs are inhibited by PPAR ligands.


claim: PPAR-RXRs can be activated by PPAR ligands.


claim: Participating in six months of physical activity improves cognitive functioning.


claim: Patients in stable partnerships have a faster progression from HIV to AIDS.


claim: Peroxynitrite is required for nitration of TCR/CD8.


claim: Pleiotropic coupling of GLP-1R to intracellular effectors promotes distinct profiles of cellular signaling.


claim: Podocytes are motile and migrate in the presence of injury.


claim: Polymeal nutrition reduces cardiovascular mortality.


claim: Pretreatment with the Arp2/3 inhibitor CK-666 affects lamelliopodia formation.


claim: Primary cervical cancer screening with HPV detection has higher longitudinal sensitivity than conventional cytology to detect cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2.


claim: Primary pro-inflammatory cytokines induce secondary pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators.


claim: Proteins synthesized at the growth cone are ubiquitinated at a higher rate than proteins from the cell body.


claim: Pseudogene PTENP1 regulates the expression of PTEN by functioning as an miRNA decoy.


claim: Pyridostatin destabilizes the G - quadruplex in the telomeric region.


claim: Radioiodine treatment of non-toxic multinodular goitre reduces thyroid volume.


claim: Rapamycin decreases the concentration of triacylglycerols in fruit flies.


claim: Rapid phosphotransfer rates govern fidelity in two component systems


claim: Rapid up-regulation and higher basal expression of interferon-induced genes increase survival of granule cell neurons that are infected by West Nile virus.


claim: Rapid up-regulation and higher basal expression of interferon-induced genes reduce survival of granule cell neurons that are infected by West Nile virus.


claim: Recurrent mutations occur frequently within CTCF anchor sites adjacent to oncogenes.


claim: Reduced responsiveness to interleukin-2 in regulatory T cells is associated with greater resistance to autoimmune diseases such as Type 1 Diabetes.


claim: Replacement of histone H2A with H2A.Z slows gene activation in yeasts by stabilizing +1 nucleosomes.


claim: Ribosomopathies have a low degree of cell and tissue specific pathology.


claim: S-nitrosylated GAPDH physiologically transnitrosylates histone deacetylases.


claim: Sildenafil improves erectile function in men who experience sexual dysfunction as a result of the use of SSRI antidepressants.


claim: Silencing of Bcl2 is important for the maintenance and progression of tumors.


claim: Smc5/6 engagment drives the activation of SUMO E3 ligase Mms21 by ATP-dependent remolding.


claim: Stroke patients with prior use of direct oral anticoagulants have a lower risk of in-hospital mortality than stroke patients with prior use of warfarin.


claim: Subcutaneous fat depots undergo extensive browning processes after cold exposure.


claim: Suboptimal nutrition is not predictive of chronic disease


claim: Synaptic activity enhances local release of brain derived neurotrophic factor from postsynaptic dendrites.


claim: T regulatory cells (tTregs) lacking αvβ8 are more adept at suppressing pathogenic T-cell responses during active inflammation.


claim: TCR/CD3 microdomains are a required to induce the immunologic synapse to activate T cells.


claim: TNFAIP3 is a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma.


claim: Taking 400mg of α-tocopheryl acetate helps to prevent prostate cancer.


claim: Taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages had no effect on the incidence rate of type II diabetes in India.


claim: Teaching hospitals do not provide better care than non-teaching hospitals.


claim: Tetraspanin-3 is a causative factor in the development of acute myelogenous leukemia


claim: The DdrB protein from Deinococcus radiodurans is an alternative SSB.


claim: The PPR MDA5 has two N-terminal CARD domains.


claim: The PRR MDA5 has a central DExD/H RNA helices domain.


claim: The PRR MDA5 is a sensor of RNA virus infection.


claim: The US health care system can save up to $750 million if 7% of patients waiting for kidney transplants participate in the optimized national kidney paired donation program.


claim: The YAP1 and TEAD complex tanslocates into the nucleus where it interacts with transcription factors and DNA-binding proteins that modulate target gene transcription.


claim: The amount of publicly available DNA data doubles every 10 years.


claim: The arm density of TatAd complexes is due to structural rearrangements within Class1 TatAd complexes such as the 'charge zipper mechanism'.


claim: The availability of safe places to study is effective at decreasing homelessness.


claim: The availability of safe places to study is not effective at decreasing homelessness.


claim: The benefits of colchicine were achieved with effective widespread use of secondary prevention strategies such as high-dose statins.


claim: The binding orientation of the ML-SA1 activator at hTRPML2 is different from the binding orientation of the ML-SA1 activator at hTRPML1.


claim: The center of the granuloma in an immune cell induces a pro-inflammatory immune response.


claim: The combination of H3K4me3 and H3K79me2 is found in quiescent hair follicle stem cells.


claim: The composition of myosin-II isoform switches from the polarizable B isoform to the more homogenous A isoform during hematopoietic differentiation.


claim: The deregulated and prolonged activation of monocytes has deleterious effects in inflammatory diseases.


claim: The extracellular domain of TMEM27 is cleaved in human beta cells.


claim: The genomic aberrations found in matasteses are very similar to those found in the primary tumor.


claim: The locus rs647161 is associated with colorectal carcinoma.


claim: The loss of the TET protein functions may have dire biological consequences, such as myeloid cancers.


claim: The minor G allele of FOXO3 is related to more severe symptoms of Crohn's Disease.


claim: The myocardial lineage develops from cardiac progenitors of mesodermal origin.


claim: The one-child policy has been successful in lowering population growth.


claim: The relationship between a breast cancer patient's capacity to metabolize tamoxifen and treatment outcome is dependent on the patient's genetic make-up.


claim: The repair of Cas9-induced double strand breaks in human DNA is error-prone.


claim: The risk of breast cancer among parous women increases with placental weight of pregnancies, and this association is strongest for premenopausal breast cancer.


claim: The risk of male prisoners harming themselves is ten times that of female prisoners.


claim: The severity of cardiac involvement in amyloidosis can be described by the degree of transmurality of late gadolinium enhancement in MRI.


claim: The single flash-evoked ERG b-wave is generated by activity of ON-bipolar cells.


claim: The sliding activity of kinesin-8 protein Kip3 promotes bipolar spindle assembly.


claim: The tip of the inner tube of the toxic type VI secretion system (T6SS) antibacterial effector in Escherichia coli (E. coli) carries toxic effector proteins.


claim: The treatment of cancer patients with co-IR blockade does not cause any adverse autoimmune events.


claim: The treatment of cancer patients with co-IR blockade precipitates adverse autoimmune events.


claim: The ureABIEFGH gene cluster encodes urease maturation proteins : UreD/UreH, UreE, UreF, and UreG.


claim: The ureABIEFGH gene cluster is induced by nickel (II) ion.


claim: Therapeutic use of the drug Dapsone to treat pyoderma gangrenous is based on anecdotal evidence.


claim: There is an inverse relationship between hip fractures and statin use.


claim: There is no association between HNF4A mutations and diabetes risks.


claim: Thigh-length graduated compression stockings (GCS) did not reduce deep vein thrombosis in patients admitted to hospital who are immobile because of acute stroke.


claim: Tirasemtiv has no effect on fast-twitch muscle.


claim: Transferred UCB T cells acquire a memory-like phenotype in recipients.


claim: Transplanted human glial cells can differentiate within the host animal.


claim: Transplanted human glial progenitor cells are incapable of forming a neural network with host animals' neurons.


claim: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) are pro-inflammatory cytokines that inhibit IL-6 and IL-10.


claim: UCB T cells maintain high TCR diversity after transplantation.


claim: UCB T cells reduce TCR diversity after transplantation.


claim: Ubiquitin ligase UBC13 generates a K63-linked polyubiquitin moiety at PCNA K164.


claim: Ultrasound guidance significantly raises the number of traumatic procedures when attempting needle insertion.


claim: Up-regulation of the p53 pathway and related molecular events casues cancer resistance and results in a significantly shortened lifespan marked by senescent cells and accelerated organismal aging.


claim: Upregulation of mosGCTL-1 is induced upon infection with West Nile virus.


claim: Varenicline monotherapy is more effective after 12 weeks of treatment compared to combination nicotine replacement therapies with varenicline or bupropion.


claim: Venules have a larger lumen diameter than arterioles.


claim: Venules have a thinner or absent smooth layer compared to arterioles.


claim: Vitamin D deficiency effects the term of delivery.


claim: Vitamin D deficiency is unrelated to birth weight.


claim: Women with a higher birth weight are more likely to develop breast cancer later in life.


claim: aPKCz causes tumour enhancement by affecting glutamine metabolism.


claim: cSMAC formation enhances weak ligand signalling.


claim: mTORC2 regulates intracellular cysteine levels through xCT inhibition.


claim: p16INK4A accumulation is  linked to an abnormal wound response caused by the microinvasive step of advanced Oral Potentially Malignant Lesions (OPMLs).